中国烹调 示范课程

中国烹调示范课程 Chinese Cuisine

烹调是中国传统文化中的瑰宝，在世界上享有盛誉。本篇简要介绍中国烹调的历史、中国菜肴的基本特点、中国菜系以及中国人的饮食习俗。
 
1.你对中国烹调有什么认识？
How do you think of Chinese cuisine?
Chinese cuisine is one of the delights of the world. There are few people who have not tried Chinese dishes of some sort at one of the many Chinese restaurants that exist in their own country. Most visitors appreciate the fact that Chinese cooking has traditions, which go further back in history than those of French cuisine. They understand that Chinese cuisine is an art, which grew out of a highly developed civilization. The infinite numbers of Chinese dishes, flavors, textures, and methods of cooking, make eating Chinese food exciting.

Another fact is that Chinese cuisine can be conveniently prepared in home kitchens. Chinese people value their way of dining very much. There is an old saying that says,“Food is the first necessity of the people (民以食为天).”Delicious and nutritious food has been regarded as the basis of life. Chinese cooking uses almost all the meat, poultry, fish, and vegetables known to the Western palate, but also embrace other foodstuff which, to Western taste, appear exotic. Compared with the food served at many of the Chinese restaurants abroad, visitors will almost certainly find a difference in quality, substance, and style in the food prepared in China itself.
Notes：
1）cuisine烹饪； 2）civilization文明； 3）texture质地； 4） conveniently方便地； 5）delicious美味的； 6）nutritious有营养的； 7） poultry家禽； 8）palate味觉； 9）exotic奇特的； 10）substance物质

2.中国烹调注重菜的 “型”和“味道 ”吗？
Does Chinese cuisine pay attention to the appearance and taste of dishes?
Chinese food appeals to the senses through color, shape, aroma and taste. Shape mainly depends on methods of cutting. Cooks cut raw materials to be sliced, diced, shredded, or minced, based on the requirements of the dish and the character of the raw food. Improper cutting makes food unattractive and causes unevenness in color and taste. In stir-frying, improper cutting will result in the small pieces being overcooked and big pieces remaining raw.
Taste mainly depends on the seasonings. There are many tastes—salty, sweet, sour, pungent, fragrant, bitter and so forth. The proper use of seasonings will produce a variety of dishes to suit a variety of appetites. A good Chinese cook knows what to add, how much to add and when to add. Chinese cooks even now have created new tastes, including mala (麻辣， numbing spicy sauce), yuxiang (鱼香， tasty fish-flavored sauce), guaiwei (怪味， strange salty, spicy, and sesame sauce) and so on.
Notes：1）slice切成薄片； 2）dice将（蔬菜等）切成小方块； 3） shred切成条状； 4）mince切碎； 5）requirement要求； 6）unattractive无吸引力的； 7）uneven不平坦的； 8）overcook使煮过头； 9）seasoning调味料； 11）appetite食欲； 12）sesame芝麻