中国酒 示范课程

中国酒示范课程 Alcoholic Drinks in China

1915年中国人带着茅台酒、泸州老窖酒、绍兴黄酒去巴拿马参加万国博览会，一举获得 4块金牌。中国酒的主流是粮食酒，作为一种物质文化，它显示出中国酒文化的独特性。本篇介绍的是中国酒的传说、历史、基本特点、各种名酒以及饮酒的习俗。
 
1.汉字 “酒”在英文中的含义是什么？
What is the meaning of Chinese character jiu in English?
Wine or liquor has been intimately intertwined with almost every aspect of Chinese culture since earliest times. The Chinese word jiu in Chinese is commonly loosely translated as“wine,”but the word actually can refer to any type of alcoholic beverage, from beer pijiu (啤酒 ) to liquor of any kind including grape wine. Many Chinese“wines”are in fact liquors or spirits, and Tibetans have a brew called qingkejiu (青稞酒 ), made from barley.

Notes：1）liquor酒； 2）intimately熟悉地； 3）intertwine编结； 4） beverage饮料； 5）barley大麦

2.中国古代酿酒的由来有哪些传说？
What are the legends about the origin of alcoholic brewing in ancient China?
China is one of the countries with the longest history of the production of alcoholic beverages. One legend says that at the early stage of the Xia Dynasty, a woman named Yi Di (仪狄 ) presented to Yu (禹) with a tasty wine that she made by fermenting rice wrapped in mulberry leaves.
Another legend says that people started brewing alcoholic drinks during the era of Huang Di (黄帝 ). An ancient book entitled The Yellow Emperor’s Cannon of Internal Medicine (《黄帝内经》 ) records a conversation between Huang Di and Qi Bo (岐伯 ). Huang Di said,“Please tell me how to make a sweet alcoholic drink from rice?”Qi Bo replied,“Rice of fine-quality is required, and rice straw can be used to warm it.”
The most popular legend concerns Du Kang (杜康 ), who is said to have been a shepherd in the Zhou Dynasty. One day when he was herding sheep, he mindlessly dropped a bamboo tube in the pasture. He soon forgot about his loss, and the tube was full of millet. 14 days later when he found the tube, the millet had turned into fragrant wine. This new discovery made him happy. Since then, he never shepherded sheep on the grassland. Instead he brewed the wine. Today his name is still associated with alcohol.

Notes：1）alcoholic含酒精的； 2）brewage酿制饮料； 3）mulberry桑科植物的； 4）shepherd羊倌； 5）mindlessly不小心的； 6）millet小米